은퇴 고수님들, T 401K vs. R 401K Max-Out 할때 질문있습니다

sweetpotato 2021.07.08 05:59:02

 

안녕하세요.  몇년에 걸처 아깝게 정회원이 되지못하고 눈팅만 하다가 작년에 셀폰 알람까지 맞춰가며 가까스로 정회원이 되었어요.


요즘 저의 제일 큰 관심사가 은퇴/조기은퇴 이다보니 은퇴질문, 은퇴정보는 닥치는데로 다 예전껏가지 찾아보았어요. 그리고 마침 P2가 직장을 옮기게 되면서 Roth/Traditional 401K의 비율조절을 고민하던중, IRA도 그렇지만, 401K또한, Max Limit이 있는 이상은 그리고 맥스아웃한다는 가정하에 모든조건이 동일하다면 (i.e. tax rate; growth rate) Roth 가 살짝더  favorable 한게 아닌가 하는 생각이 들더라구요. 이게 왜그런가 곰곰히 생각해보니, 완전 똑같으려면 traditional limit 이 $20,000.00 이라면 Roth에 들어가는 돈은 $20,000.00- tax 가 들어가야 똑같은 결과가 나올탠데 Roth에는 $20,000.00+tax 가 맥시멈이 되는 구조라서 그런게 아닌가 싶거든요.  

 

갸우뚱 거리다가, 가상의 시나리오로 비교를 해보는게 좋을꺼 같아서 엑셀에 비교를 해봤어요.  10만불인컴에 T에 맥스를 넣으면 테익홈이 6만4천, R에 맥스를 넣으면 태익홈이 6만이 되더라구요.  어짜피 401도 맥스하는 사람이니, 은퇴자금 맥시멈 넣는게 목적인 사람라고 가정, T를 선택했다면, 나머지 4천을 택서블에돌리겠죠.  R은 그냥 2만 굴러가고, T는 2만과 같이 4천에 택서블에서 두배가 될때까지 굴려요.

 

T,R,Taxable 모두 같은 펀드를 샀다고 가정.  맥스아웃하는 사람이니 인컴택스/캡게인을 은퇴후에도 어느정도 내야 한다고 가정할때 (15%캡, 20%인컴택스), 제가보기엔 아무리 봐도 Roth comes out ahead 인거 같거든요.  

 

제가 맞게 계산 한건가요? 은퇴고수님들 의견이 궁금합니다. 읽어주셔서 감사해요!

 

   
T 401K vs. R 401K Max-Out comparison
           
                 
    T 401K R 401K          
  Gross $100,000.00 $100,000.00 Gross        
  T contribution -$20,000.00 -$20,000.00 20% tax        
 
Income before Tax
$80,000.00 $80,000.00
Income before Roth
       
  20%tax -$16,000.00 -$20,000.00 R contribution        
  Take-Home $64,000.00 $60,000.00 Take-Home        
            T 401K R 401K  
 
Difference from Take-Home
$4,000.00
Invest in Taxable
  T beginning $20,000.00 $20,000.00 R beginning
  balance w/ gain $8,000.00 200%   growth of 200% $40,000.00 $40,000.00 200%
  cap gain tax -$1,200.00 15%   20% tax -$8,000.00 $0.00 taxfree
    $6,800.00
Ending Taxable balance
  Ending T $32,000.00 $40,000.00 Ending R
          Ending Taxable $6,800.00    
          T+Taxable $38,800.00